Rewriting '9/11 or US invation of Iraq' Traumatic Memories in Shaila Abdullah's Saffron Dreams

This paper examines how the US-Pakistani Muslimahs or Muslim women live in US after Invasion of Iraq (2003) Shaila Abdullah’s Saffron Dreams (2009). In novel, Abdullah depicts her characters as victims 9/11 attacks to challenge dominance narratives, which tend show becomes victim, instead perpetrator invasion Iraq. By engaging with postcolonialism and studies, this questions anti-Muslim racism, tends associate Muslims terrorism by exploring ideas trauma being attacked extremists. found that Pakistani Muslimah struggling seek social justice belonging. doing so, novel resists racism depicting its protagonists facing several trauma, is ironically continued next generation, who suffering from multiple born defect representing their endless traumatic experiences living US-Pakistani-Muslimah stories, suggests diaspora not only struggles but also faces especially work question US-trauma centric dominant narratives. Thus, it important investigate stories marginal undermine exclude memories